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  2. 2Licensing

Fse-restrained-thermal-expansion-v4.svg (SVG file, nominally 900 × 600 pixels, file size: 10 KB)

Summary

Beam temperature at each failure event in NIST's finite element model of the north-east floor framing of WTC 7, compared with the ASTM E119 average steel temperatures of 538 °C (columns) and 593 °C (floor beams). Based on McAllister et al. (2008), p. 353, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (2008), p. 21.

Original illustration for Restrained thermal expansion, level 4 Expert.

  • Source basis: McAllister et al. (2008), p. 353 (Table 8–2), pp. 350 and 352 (model description: north-east corner, beams to 600 °C, girder to 500 °C, slab not heated); National Institute of Standards and Technology (2008), p. 21 (ASTM E119 criteria)
  • Alt text: Dot plot of eight failure events in a heated floor model, starting at 103 °C, with reference lines at 538 °C and 593 °C.

Licensing

New drawing by Fire Safety Academy. © Fire Safety Academy.

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current17:26, 2 November 2026Thumbnail for version as of 17:26, 2 November 2026900 × 600 (10 KB)Jan (talk | contribs)Watermark: Fire Safety Academy logo icon, 70 px, 45 % opacity

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